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This research page is being written anew.

Bugs and More Bugs

Codling Moth

REVISE: Realizing that over five hundred species of insects have been identified in fruit orchards presents an immediate challenge to our understanding. Beneficial insects help with some aspects of fruit production, but admittedly, the perplexity of curculio and fruit moths often lie beyond the control of natural predators alone.

Gentler spray options in these last 20 years have opened the door on our ability to 'negotiate' a harvest balance with bugs. Orchard architecture also plays an increasing important role in integrated orchard planning: Block shape, choice of variety and tree size on borders, trap tree placement, and surrounding habitat influence insect dynamics to varying degrees.

PLACEHOLDER
for holinsects-2 - LEFT

1920 USDA Roundheader Apple Borer Bulletin: https://ia803205.us.archive.org/32/items/roundheadedapple847broo/roundheadedapple847broo.pdf

Suggestions for grassroots research

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No problem can be solved from
the same level of consciousness that created it.
Albert Einstein

Hey, this works!

SPECIFY ANEW: Insects to arboreal realm...

Every fruit grower has worthy contributions to make to these pages. . . so please contact Michael about your own orcharding research experiences, novel ideas, and success stories.

What's Next:
Arboreal Realm
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